SS-31, known clinically as elamipretide, is a tetrapeptide studied for interactions with mitochondrial cardiolipin and for disease-specific functional outcomes.
Explore the research profileSubmit an unpaid laboratory order request for manual review. Availability and any pending amounts require confirmation.
Catalog quantities are not assay results.
Mitochondria-targeting tetrapeptide
SS-31 is an aromatic-cationic tetrapeptide also described in the literature as elamipretide or MTP-131. Research focuses on its interaction with the inner mitochondrial membrane. The clinical development of elamipretide concerns defined formulations and disease populations, which are separate from a catalog research material.
This reference describes the published literature. Exact supplied form and chemical specifications require product-specific documentation. The studies are linked in Selected literature.
Cardiolipin is a membrane lipid important to mitochondrial architecture and respiratory function. Experimental work showed SS-31 interaction with cardiolipin and inhibition of cardiolipin-associated cytochrome-c peroxidase activity. In injured animal tissue, these effects were accompanied by preservation of mitochondrial structure and more rapid recovery of ATP-related processes.
A mechanistic study combined biochemical experiments with rat kidney ischemia-reperfusion models. It linked cardiolipin interaction to preserved mitochondrial cristae and improved energy recovery. Protection in this acute injury model does not establish generalized rejuvenation in humans. [1]
The randomized phase 3 MMPOWER-3 trial enrolled 218 participants. It did not meet its primary walking-distance or fatigue endpoints. This negative result is important when assessing whether a plausible mitochondrial mechanism translates into meaningful function in a heterogeneous disease population. [2]
A small randomized crossover trial examined a disease involving abnormal cardiolipin metabolism. The blinded phase did not meet its primary endpoints, while the subsequent open-label extension reported improvements. Those phases differ in control of bias and should be interpreted separately. [3]
Study topics describe the cited models, not established benefits of this catalog material.
SS-31 has progressed beyond animal experiments into controlled human research. Outcomes vary by study and disease, and positive laboratory findings do not cancel null primary clinical endpoints. The cited studies are a research overview rather than a statement of current regulatory status.
Small cohorts, genetic heterogeneity and uncontrolled extension phases affect interpretation. Results from a specific mitochondrial disorder cannot establish broad anti-aging or performance benefits. Clinical evidence for elamipretide does not verify WYZ identity, formulation, manufacturing quality or equivalence to the material tested in those trials.
Primary studies and clearly identified supporting sources. Each link opens the original record.
Cardiolipin mechanism and rat renal ischemia-reperfusion model.
Phase 3 study with null walking-distance and fatigue primary endpoints.
Blinded and open-label phases must be distinguished; title abbreviated.
Literature reviewed October 2026. This is a selected research overview, not an exhaustive systematic review. Published findings do not establish the identity, purity, sterility or suitability of any WYZ batch. For laboratory research only; not for human or veterinary use.
Final product specifications and product-specific storage instructions have not been supplied. Review the original documentation and your laboratory’s procedures before obtaining or using the material.
For qualified laboratory researchers. Not for human or veterinary use. Product information is not medical advice or a recommendation for personal use.
What to look for in a COAOther single compounds in the collection.
Metabolic Research
Retatrutide is a synthetic peptide studied for coordinated activation of three metabolic hormone receptors, with human research examining glucose regulation, appetite, body weight and liver fat.
Metabolic Research
MOTS-c is a mitochondrial-derived peptide studied in metabolic signaling and skeletal-muscle adaptation, with experimental interventions supported mainly by cell and animal evidence.
Dermal Research
GHK-Cu is a copper complex of glycyl-histidyl-lysine studied for its effects on extracellular-matrix production and remodeling in experimental tissue-repair systems.
